ATLANTA (AP) — The last surviving member of the crew that dropped an atomic bomb on Hiroshima once said he thought the bombing was necessary because it shortened the war and eliminated the need for an Allied land invasion that could have cost more lives on both sides.
But Theodore Dutch VanKirk also said it made him wary of war – and that he would like to see all of the world’s atomic bombs abolished.
VanKirk died Monday at the retirement home where he lived in Stone Mountain, Georgia, his son Tom VanKirk said. He was 93.
Theodore VanKirk flew as navigator on the Enola Gay, the B-29 Superfortress that dropped the first atomic bomb deployed in wartime over the Japanese city of Hiroshima on Aug. 6, 1945.
The bombing hastened the end of World War II. The blast and its aftereffects killed 140,000 in Hiroshima. Three days after Hiroshima, a second atomic bomb was dropped on Nagasaki. That blast and its aftermath claimed 80,000 lives. Six days after the Nagasaki bombing, Japan surrendered.
Whether the United States should have used the atomic bomb has been debated endlessly.
I honestly believe the use of the atomic bomb saved lives in the long run, VanKirk told The Associated Press in a 2005 interview. There were a lot of lives saved. Most of the lives saved were Japanese.
But VanKirk said the experience of World War II also showed him that wars don’t settle anything.
And atomic weapons don’t settle anything, he said. I personally think there shouldn’t be any atomic bombs in the world — I’d like to see them all abolished.
But if anyone has one, he added, I want to have one more than my enemy.
VanKirk was teamed with pilot Paul Tibbets and bombardier Tom Ferebee in Tibbets’ fledgling 509th Composite Bomb Group for Special Mission No. 13.
The mission went perfectly, VanKirk told the AP. He guided the bomber through the night sky, just 15 seconds behind schedule, he said. As the 9,000-pound bomb nicknamed Little Boy fell toward the sleeping city, he and his crewmates hoped to escape with their lives.
They didn’t know whether the bomb would actually work and, if it did, whether its shockwaves would rip their plane to shreds. They counted — one thousand one, one thousand two — reaching the 43 seconds they’d been told it would take for detonation, and heard nothing.
I think everybody in the plane concluded it was a dud. It seemed a lot longer than 43 seconds, VanKirk recalled.
Then came a bright flash. Then a shockwave. Then another shockwave.
VanKirk stayed on with the military for a year after the war ended. Then he went to school, earned degrees in chemical engineering and signed on with DuPont, where he stayed until he retired in 1985. He later moved from California to the Atlanta area to be near his daughter.
Like many World War II veterans, VanKirk didn’t talk much about his service until much later in his life when he spoke to school groups, his son said.
I didn’t even find out that he was on that mission until I was 10 years old and read some old news clippings in my grandmother’s attic, Tom VanKirk told the AP in a phone interview Tuesday.
Instead, he and his three siblings treasured a wonderful father, who was a great mentor and remained active and sharp as a tack until the end of his life.
I know he was recognized as a war hero, but we just knew him as a great father, Tom VanKirk said.
VanKirk’s military career was chronicled in a 2012 book, My True Course, by Suzanne Dietz. VanKirk was energetic, very bright and had a terrific sense of humor, Dietz recalled Tuesday.
Interviewing VanKirk for the book, she said, was like sitting with your father at the kitchen table listening to him tell stories.
A funeral service was scheduled for VanKirk on Aug. 5 in his hometown of Northumberland, Pennsylvania. He will be buried in Northumberland next to his wife, who died in 1975. The burial will be private.