By Oliver Holmes and Douglas Hamilton
BEIRUT (Reuters) – Syria has assured
the United Nations it will respect a ceasefire with rebels due to take effect in less than 24 hours, peace envoy Kofi Annan
said on Wednesday, but President Bashar al-Assad’s forces kept up attacks in several cities.
area in Homs, northern Syria April 10, 2012. REUTERS/Stringer
Western powers have scorned Assad’s pledges, but have come up with no effective policy to curb the
bloodshed, given their own aversion to military intervention and the resistance of Russia and China to any U.N. Security
Council action.
U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton said she would meet Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov on
Wednesday to seek a policy change from one of Assad’s few foreign friends.
“We will have another go at trying to
persuade the Russians that the situation is deteriorating and the likelihood of regional conflict and civil war is
increasing,” she said.
China expressed “deep worries” about the violence in Syria and called for all sides to respect
a ceasefire. Foreign Ministry spokesman Liu Weimin also described Annan’s work as “an important and rare opportunity” to end
the crisis.
Annan’s plan is for now the only game in town and the U.N.-Arab League mediator said it must be given a
chance to work.
“If everyone respects it, I think by 6 in the morning (0300 GMT) on Thursday we shall see improved
conditions on the ground,” he said in Tehran, where he was asking Syria’s staunchest regional ally to support his
efforts.
However, the Syrian military has so far stayed on the offensive, pursuing assaults on several anti-Assad
strongholds, rather than withdrawing troops, tanks and heavy weapons from towns and cities as required under Annan’s
six-point package.
“Mortar fire started at 7 this morning. I can hear one explosion every five minutes,” said
opposition activist Waleed al-Fares from the central city of Homs.
The Khalidiya neighbourhood, where bombardment
killed at least 26 people on Tuesday, was again under attack, he said.
“BURNING HOUSES”
In southern Deraa,
birthplace of the 13-month-old revolt against four decades of Assad family rule, activists said many busloads of troops
backed by armoured vehicles had flooded the city and were making house-to-house raids.
Activist Omar al-Hariri said he
had never seen so many troops: “The army is exploiting the ceasefire to arrest more dissidents than ever and security forces
are burning houses.”
The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights said Syrian troops had killed 38 people on Tuesday, and
rebels had killed 19 members of the security forces. The state news agency reported the funerals of 33 soldiers and security
personnel the same day.
Anti-Assad rebels have said they will stop fighting if the Syrian military pulls back and
ceases fire as promised.
Annan, at a news conference with Iranian Foreign Minister Ali Akbar Salehi, urged Iran to
help resolve the violence and warned of “unimaginable consequences” if it worsened further.
“I have received (Syrian)
government assurances they will respect the ceasefire,” he said, adding: “I believe Iran can be part of the
solution.”
Salehi said Syrians should be able to have free elections contested by political parties, but reiterated
Iran’s opposition to any outside interference in Syria’s affairs and made clear the Islamic Republic wanted Assad to stay
in charge.
“The opportunity must be given to the Syrian government to make changes under the leadership of Bashar
al-Assad,” he said.
Iran has unstintingly backed Syria, the only Arab nation to back Iran in its 1980-88 war with Iraq
and the conduit for Iranian arms to Lebanon’s Shi’ite Muslim Hezbollah movement.
Syria, where Assad’s
Shi’ite-rooted Alawite minority dominates a Sunni Muslim majority, has become an arena for a sectarian-tinged regional
contest between Shi’ite Iran and Sunni Arab rivals aligned with the West and led by Saudi Arabia.
Despite its public
acceptance of Assad’s narrative that he faces foreign-inspired “terrorist” subversion, Tehran has also reached out to his
opponents, according to an adviser to Iran’s parliamentary speaker quoted by local media on Tuesday.
“It has recently
made contacts with the Syrian opposition, which shows Iran’s influential role in resolving issues,” the Tehran Times quoted
Hossein Sheikholeslam as saying.
For now, no end to Syria’s agony is in sight.
The British-based Observatory
said on Tuesday more than 800 civilians had been killed since Annan announced on March 27 that he had obtained Assad’s
agreement to the peace plan.
“More time means more blood,” said the opposition Syrian National Council’s spokeswoman
Basma Kodmani. “It is urgent to end the regime’s repression and the regime itself.”
Assad’s forces have killed more
than 9,000 people in the past year, according to a U.N. estimate. Damascus says rebels have killed more than 2,600 soldiers
and security personnel.
(Additional reporting by Marcus George in Dubai, Louis Charbonneau at the United Nations,
Sui-Lee Wee and Sabrina Mao in Beijing and Paul Eckert in Annapolis; Writing by Douglas Hamilton; Editing by Alistair Lyon
and Alastair Macdonald)